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每日跟讀#483 : In Italian Schools, Reading, Writing and Recognizing Fake News

數位時代的新十誡 義大利教導學生辨認假新聞

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每日跟讀#483 : In Italian Schools, Reading, Writing and Recognizing Fake News

Italian students will soon tackle work sheets with a list of what amounts to a new set of Ten Commandments for the digital age.

Among them: Thou shalt not share unverified news; thou shall ask for sources and evidence; thou shall remember that the internet and social networks can be manipulated.

義大利學生很快就要寫一份習題,習題中列舉的東西相當於數位時代的新十誡。

其中包括:不可分享未經證實的消息;要求來源與證據;記住網路和社群網站可以被操縱。

The lessons, prepared by reporters from the national broadcaster RAI, are part of an extraordinary experiment by the Italian government, in cooperation with leading digital companies including Facebook, to train a generation of students steeped in social media how to recognize fake news and conspiracy theories online.

“Fake news drips drops of poison into our daily web diet and we end up infected without even realizing it,” said Laura Boldrini, the president of the Italian lower house of Parliament, who has spearheaded the project with the Italian Ministry of Education.

這些課題由國家廣播公司「義大利廣播電視公司」的記者擬訂,是義大利政府與臉書等一線數位公司合作進行的一場特殊實驗的一環,要訓練被社群媒體包圍的這一代學子認出網路上的假新聞和陰謀論。

義大利眾議院議長勞拉.博爾德里尼與義大利教育部共同主導這個計畫,她說:「假新聞在我們每天消化的網路資訊中滴下毒藥,結果我們中毒了還不知道。」

“It's only right to give these kids the possibility to defend themselves from lies,” said Boldrini, who is left-leaning but not affiliated with any political party. The initiative will be rolled out in 8,000 high schools across the country starting on Oct. 31.

Italy, of course, is not alone in trying to find a way to grapple with the global proliferation of propaganda that has sown public confusion and undermined the credibility of powerful institutions.

博爾德里尼說:「讓孩子有機會保護自己不受騙,才是對的。」她的政治立場左傾,卻不屬於任何政黨。這個計畫將從10月31日起在全國各地8000所中學推行。

宣傳言詞在全球擴散,讓大眾疑惑並損害權威機構的公信力,義大利企圖解決這個問題,當然它並不孤單。

Pope Francis recently announced that he would dedicate his 2018 World Communications Day address to the topic of fake news, and the U.S. Congress is investigating how Russian agents manipulated Facebook and Twitter to spread false stories and stoke conspiracy theories to sway the 2016 presidential election.

But before crucial Italian elections early next year, the country has become an especially fertile ground for digital deceit. Frustrated by economic woes, upset by a migrant crisis and fed a steady diet of partisan media, many Italians subscribe to all kinds of conspiracy theories.

Boldrini, sponsor of the new student curriculum, asserts the government must teach the next generation of Italian voters how to defend themselves against falsehoods and conspiracy theories.

教宗方濟各最近宣布,他的2018年世界社會傳播日演說將以假新聞為主題,而美國國會正在調查俄國特工如何用臉書和推特散播假消息並煽動陰謀論,以影響2016年總統大選。

不過,在義大利明年初重要選舉前,這個國家已成數位詐欺大溫床。許多義大利人為經濟所苦,為移民危機心煩,常接觸的媒體又充斥黨派偏見,不免對各式各樣陰謀論照單全收。

博爾德里尼是這個學生新課程的發起人,她堅決主張政府應教導下一代義大利選民保護自己,不要誤信謊言和陰謀論。

Source: https://paper.udn.com/udnpaper/POH0067/319898/web/

文/Jason Horowitz譯/李京倫