回顧星期天LBS - 英國相關時事趣聞 All about 2022 United Kingdom

The owner of a bakery in northern England has been left with a bitter taste in his mouth after authorities told him he had to stop using banned sprinkles sourced from the US.
在被當局告知必須停止使用來自美國的遭禁糖粉屑後，英格蘭北部的1家烘焙坊的老闆感到不悅。

West Yorkshire Trading Standards said the sprinkles contained an artificial coloring which isn’t approved for use in sprinkles in the UK.
西約克郡貿易標準局說，這些糖粉屑含有1種在英國未獲准可用於糖粉屑的人工色素。

But the owner of the bakery isn’t happy that his most popular product has lost out on its prize topping.
但這家烘焙坊的老闆很不滿，因為這讓他最暢銷的產品少了最完美的配料。

Rich Myers, director and founder of Get Baked bakery in Leeds, told CNN he had been using the sprinkles since opening the business in July.
（位於該郡的）里茲市的Get Bake烘焙坊的執行長與創辦人瑞奇˙邁爾斯告訴美國有線電視新聞網，他打從7月開業以來就一直用這種糖粉屑。

Myers said he bought the offending sprinkles from a UK wholesaler, and said he had no idea there was any issue until West Yorkshire Trading Standards visited the business on September 30.
邁爾斯說，他向1名英國批發商買來這些違規的糖粉屑，完全不曉得會有什麼問題，直到9月30日西約克郡貿易標準局找上門來。

"I thought it was a joke at first, I thought it was someone pulling a prank," he said on Thursday.
「我一開始以為這是玩笑，我以為有人在惡搞，」他週四如是說。

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Topic: Researcher defends weight-loss device after it sparks ridicule on social media 研究人員為減重裝置辯護，在它於社群媒體上引起嘲笑後

Otago University and United Kingdom researchers developed the world-first device, which uses magnets to lock the mouth almost shut, to help fight the global obesity epidemic.
奧塔戈大學與英國研究人員研發了世界首款裝置，使用磁鐵鎖住嘴巴至幾乎閉上，幫助對抗全球肥胖流行。

DentalSlim Diet Control is an intra-oral device fitted by a dental professional to the upper and lower back teeth.
「牙科瘦身飲食控制」是一種口內裝置，會由牙科專業人員安裝至上下臼齒。

The device was being widely ridiculed after being shared on social media, with Twitter users calling it "creepy" and "bizarre".
這款裝置被分享至社群媒體後，受到大量嘲笑，推特用戶稱它「令人毛骨悚然」且「怪異」。

But Dunedin researchers who developed the device are defending the invention, saying those panning the weight loss tool have misunderstood its intention.
但開發這款裝置的達尼丁研究員為這項發明辯護，表示斥責這款減重工具的人們誤解了它的本意。

Lead researcher Prof Paul Brunton said it was not intended to be used for general weight loss purposes, but instead for specific cases where there was a clinical need to lose weight quickly.
首席研究員保羅．布倫頓教授表示，它不是為了用於普通的減重目的，而是針對臨床上需要快速減重的特殊案例。Source article: https://features.ltn.com.tw/english/article/paper/1537773 ; https://news.ltn.com.tw/news/world/paper/1460024

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Topic: BBC apologises for ’Manchester United are rubbish’ headline on ticker

The BBC has apologised to viewers after the headline "Manchester United are rubbish" appeared on its ticker during a television news broadcast on Tuesday.
英國廣播公司（BBC）在電視新聞週二播出的新聞跑馬燈上，出現「曼聯隊是垃圾」的標題後，向觀眾道歉。

The headline appeared on the bottom of the screen during a report on the French Open tennis championship.
這個標題是在報導法國網球錦標賽時，出現在螢幕底部。

TV critic and broadcaster Scott Bryan, who works for the BBC, noticed the gaffe and posted a clip on Twitter which immediately went viral.
為BBC工作的電視評論家與播報員史考特．布萊恩注意到這個烏龍，把一個影片片段張貼在推特上，結果立即爆紅。

BBC presenter Annita McVeigh later issued the apology on air and explained that the headline was written when someone was learning how to use the ticker.
BBC主播安妮塔．麥克維之後在直播時發表道歉聲明，並解釋該標題是一位正在學習如何使用新聞跑馬燈的人所寫的。

"Some of you may have noticed something pretty unusual on the ticker that runs along the bottom of the screen with news making a comment about Manchester United. I hope that Manchester United fans weren’t offended by it," she said.
她說：「你們當中有些人可能已經注意到，在螢幕下方新聞跑馬燈上出現有關曼聯隊的新聞評論的不尋常狀況。我希望不會冒犯到曼聯隊球迷。」

"Let me just explain what was happening: behind the scenes someone was training to learn how to use the ticker and to put text on the ticker. So they were just writing random things, not in earnest, and that comment appeared.
「讓我解釋一下發生了什麼事：幕後有人正在學習如何使用新聞跑馬燈以及放上文字，所以他們只是隨意寫些東西，並不是認真的，而那則評論出現了。」

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Topic: Amateur Fossil Hunters Make Rare Find in U.K. 業餘化石獵人在英國有了罕見發現

Millions of years before the Cotswolds, in western England, became a popular vacation destination, it was a shallow, warm sea, home to a Jurassic marine ecosystem.
在英格蘭西部科茲窩成為熱門度假勝地的數百萬年前，它是一片淺而溫暖的海域，也是侏羅紀海洋生態系的家鄉。

Over 167 million years later, two amateur paleontologists, Neville and Sally Hollingworth, uncovered fossils in a limestone quarry there, the largest find of Jurassic starfish and their relatives ever to be made in Britain.
在1.67億年後，兩名業餘古生物學家內維爾與莎莉．霍林沃斯，在石灰採石場中挖掘出化石，這是在英國發現的最大一批侏羅紀海星及其親屬。

More than 1,000 scientifically significant specimens were unearthed at an undisclosed location during a three-day excavation in June, London’s Natural History Museum said.
倫敦自然歷史博物館表示，在6月的3天挖掘中，於一處未公開地點，出土了超過1000件具有科學意義的標本。

The find by the Hollingworths, a husband-and-wife team, includes three new species and an entire ecosystem of echinoderms. Fossils of such animals are extremely rare because they have fragile skeletons that are not often preserved.
霍林沃斯夫婦團隊發現3個新物種與1個完整的棘皮動物生態系統。這類動物的化石極為罕見，因為牠們具有脆弱的骨骼，很少被保存下來。Source article: https://features.ltn.com.tw/english/article/paper/1519882 ; https://news.ltn.com.tw/news/world/paper/1464064

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Topic: UK watchdog fines facial recognition firm ￡7.5m over image collection

The UK’s data watchdog has fined a facial recognition company ￡7.5m (about US$9.47 million) for collecting images of people from social media platforms and the web to add to a global database.
英國資料監管機構針對一家人臉辨識公司罰款七百五十萬英鎊，因爲該公司收集社群媒體平台及網路上的人像納入他們私有的全球資料庫。

The Information Commissioner’s Office (ICO) also ordered US-based Clearview AI to delete the data of UK residents from its systems. Clearview AI has collected more than 20bn images of people’s faces from Facebook, other social media companies and from scouring the Web.
英國的資料保護組織資訊委員會（ICO）下令美國的Clearview AI公司將其公司系統中的英國人民資料刪除。Clearview AI 已由臉書及其他社群媒體公司與網路搜尋中收集了超過兩百億張人臉圖像。

John Edwards, the UK information commissioner, said Clearview’s business model was unacceptable. “Clearview AI Inc has collected multiple images of people all over the world, including in the UK, from a variety of Web sites and social media platforms, creating a database with more than 20bn images,” he said.
英國資訊委員會主管約翰‧愛德華茲表示，Clearview AI的商業模式是令人無法接受的。「Clearview AI公司從各式網站及社群媒體平台收集了包括英國在內的世界各地人們的許多圖像，來創建一個有超過兩百億張圖像的資料庫」，他說。

“The company not only enables identification of those people, but effectively monitors their behavior and offers it as a commercial service. That is unacceptable. That is why we have acted to protect people in the UK by both fining the company and issuing an enforcement notice.”
「該公司不僅可以辨識這些人，還能有效監控其行為並當做將商品來賣。這令人無法接受。這就是為什麼我們採取行動保護英國人民，對公司處以罰款並發出強制執行令」。

Announcing its provisional decision last year, the ICO said Clearview AI’s technology had been offered on a “free trial basis” to UK law enforcement agencies, although that trial has been discontinued.
當ICO在去年宣布禁止時，便表示Clearview AI已提供技術給英國執法機構「免費試用」，雖然該試用已停止。

Clearview AI customers can upload an image of a person to the company’s app, which is then checked against a database. The app then provides a list of images deemed similar to the photo provided by the customer, with a link to the websites where the images came from.
Clearview AI的客戶可將人的影像上傳到該公司的應用程式，該程式便會根據資料庫進行檢查，然後提供一個清單，列出與客戶所提供照片相似的影像，以及該影像來源網站之連結。

The ICO said Clearview AI broke UK data protection laws in several ways, including: failing to use information of UK residents in a fair and transparent way; failing to have a lawful reason for collecting that information; and failing to have a process in place to stop the data being retained indefinitely.
ICO表示，Clearview AI在許多方面都違反了英國資料保護法，包括：未能以公平和透明的方式使用英國民眾的資訊、沒有收集該資訊的合法理由，以及未能制定流程來防止資料被無限期保留。

Hoan Ton-That, Clearview AI’s chief executive, said: “I am deeply disappointed that the UK Information Commissioner has misinterpreted my technology and intentions … I would welcome the opportunity to engage in conversation with leaders and lawmakers so the true value of this technology, which has proven so essential to law enforcement, can continue to make communities safe.”
Clearview AI 執行長表示：「我對英國資訊委員會主管誤解我的技術和意圖深感失望……我希望能有機會與領導人和立法者進行對話，讓他們了解這項技術的真正價值，讓它可以繼續確保社區安全；這技術已證明對執法至關重要」。Source article: https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/lang/archives/2022/05/31/2003779033